Cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical sunscreen preparations

ABSTRACT

A cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical composition containing: (a) a dimer diol; (b) a UV filter; (c) optionally, an oil component; (d) optionally, an emulsifier; and (e) optionally, water.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical sun protectionpreparations containing dimer diols and UV filters and to the use of thedimer diols in cosmetic/pharmaceutical sun protection preparations, moreparticularly for improving the water resistance of such preparations.

PRIOR ART

Although emulsions have been known for some time, intensive efforts areconstantly being made on the cosmetic market to improve both thestability and the sensory properties of these disperse systems. Presenttrends include inter alia the search for new oil components and polymerswhich may readily be incorporated in emulsions, which allow theformulation of particularly storage-stable emulsions and which, insensory terms, leave the skin feeling lighter.

The water resistance of the preparations is another key factor forspecial applications, for example sun protection products, because theUV filters are intended to remain on the skin for as long as possiblewithout being washed off during bathing. The water resistance of a sunprotection formulation is normally achieved by the addition of polymers,for example PVP/Hexadecene Copolymer (Antaron® V-216). Unfortunately,these polymers have the disadvantage that the water resistance theyprovide is short-lived and long-term resistance, as required for examplein watersports (surfing) and in sun protection for children, cannot beachieved. In addition, the sensory properties of the emulsion in termsof absorption, spreadability and tackiness are seriously affected.

Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was toprovide sun protection preparations which, on the one hand, would haveimproved sensory properties, more particularly in regard to absorption,spreadability and tackiness and which, on the other hand, would showimproved water resistance compared with the prior art, i.e. would affordimproved long-term protection where UV filters are present in theformulations.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

It has now surprisingly been found that sun protection preparationsbased on special dimer diols have improved sensory behavior in regard tospreadability, absorption and tackiness and improved water resistance,i.e. afford significantly better UV protection.

Accordingly, the present invention relates to cosmetic and/orpharmaceutical sun protection preparations containing dimer diols and UVfilters. The present invention also relates to the use of dimer diols insun protection preparations, more particularly for improving the waterresistance of the preparations. The preparations according to theinvention may be formulated as w/o or o/w emulsions or even aswater-free sun protection oils.

The improvement in water resistance is of considerable relevance notonly to sun protection formulations, but also to many decorativecosmetic products, including for example mascara, eye shadow, waterproofmake-up, eyeliner, kajal sticks, etc., and to insect repellents anddeodorant/antiperspirant formulations. The dimer diols may also be usedwith advantage for improving the water resistance of these products.

Dimer Diols

Dimer diols are mixtures from their production. Their production issufficiently well-known from the prior art, cf. for example DE 1 768 313and U.S. Pat. No. 2,347,562. Cosmetic preparations containing technicaldimer diol/trimer triol mixtures are known from WO 96/26710. Preferreddimer diol components are dimer diols with a total of 12 to 100 carbonatoms. C₁₂₋₄₀ dimer diols are particularly suitable, C₁₂₋₂₄ dimer diolsare preferred and C₁₆₋₂₂ dimer diols particularly preferred. The carbonchain lengths mentioned here relate to one chain. Preferred sunprotection preparations according to the invention are based on dimerdiols with an OH value of 200 to 200. Another preferred embodiment ofthe sun protection preparations according to the invention containshydrogenated dimer diols with iodine values of 20 to 80 and preferably50 to 70. According to the invention, Pripol® 2033 (Uniquema) andSovermol® 908 (Cognis Deutschland GmbH) are particularly preferred.

The dimer diols are normally used in quantities of 0.1 to 20% by weight,preferably in quantities of 1 to 10% by weight and more particularly inquantities of 1 to 5% by weight, based on the final formulation of thecosmetic preparation.

UV Filters

It has surprisingly been found that the dimer diols improve the waterresistance of sun protection formulations and hence provide the userwith prolonged protection in water.

Since ca. 60% UV-B and ca. 80% UV-A radiation (based on the UV reachingthe earth's surface) is still active in water to a depth of 50 cm, thewater resistance of sun protection preparations is particularlyimportant, especially for children and aquatic athletes. Effective sunprotection emulsions should be made water-resistant, should stay firmlyon the skin and should only be slowly washed off in water. According tothe COLIPA recommendations, a sun protection formulation iswater-resistant if at least 50% of the original sun protection effect isstill present after exposure to water under defined conditions. The sunprotection effect is achieved by the use of suitable UV filters.

UV protection factors in the context of the invention are, for example,organic substances (light filters) which are liquid or crystalline atroom temperature and which are capable of absorbing ultraviolet orinfrared radiation and of releasing the energy absorbed in the form oflonger-wave radiation, for example heat. UV-B filters can be oil-solubleor water-soluble. The following are examples of oil-soluble substances:

-   -   3-benzylidene camphor or 3-benzylidene norcamphor and        derivatives thereof, for example 3-(4-methylbenzylidene)-camphor        as described in EP 0693471 B1;    -   4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, preferably        4-(dimethylamino)-benzoic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester,        4-(dimethylamino)-benzoic acid-2-octyl ester and        4-(dimethylamino)-benzoic acid amyl ester;    -   esters of cinnamic acid, preferably 4-methoxycinnamic        acid-2-ethylhexyl ester, 4-methoxycinnamic acid propyl ester,        4-methoxycinnamic acid isoamyl ester, 2-cyano-3,3-phenylcinnamic        acid-2-ethylhexyl ester (Octocrylene);    -   esters of salicylic acid, preferably salicylic acid-2-ethylhexyl        ester, salicylic acid-4-isopropylbenzyl ester, salicylic acid        homomenthyl ester;    -   derivatives of benzophenone, preferably        2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzo-phenone,        2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4′-methylbenzophenone,        2,2′-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone;    -   esters of benzalmalonic acid, preferably 4-methoxybenzalmalonic        acid di-2-ethylhexyl ester;    -   triazine derivatives such as, for example,        2,4,6-trianilino-(p-carbo-2′-ethyl-1′-hexyloxy)-1,3,5-triazine        and Octyl Triazone as described in EP 0818450 Alor Dioctyl        Butamido Triazone (Uvasorb® HEB);    -   propane-1,3-diones such as, for example,        1-(4-tert.butylphenyl)-3-(4′-methoxyphenyl)-propane-1,3-dione;    -   ketotricyclo(5.2.1.0)decane derivatives as described in EP        0694521 B1.

Suitable water-soluble substances are

-   -   2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and alkali metal, alkaline        earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium and        glucammonium salts thereof;    -   sulfonic acid derivatives of benzophenones, preferably        2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid and salts        thereof;    -   sulfonic acid derivatives of 3-benzylidene camphor such as, for        example, 4-(2-oxo-3-bornylidenemethyl)-benzene sulfonic acid and        2-methyl-5-(2-oxo-3-bornylidene)-sulfonic acid and salts        thereof.

Typical UV-A filters are, in particular, derivatives of benzoyl methanesuch as, for example,1-(4′-tert.butylphenyl)-3-(4′-methoxyphenyl)-propane-1,3-dione,4-tert.butyl-4′-methoxydibenzoyl methane (Parsol 1789) or1-phenyl-3-(4′-isopropylphenyl)-propane-1,3-dione and the enaminecompounds described in DE 197 12 033 A1 (BASF). The UV-A and UV-Bfilters may of course also be used in the form of mixtures. Particularlyfavorable combinations consist of the derivatives of benzoyl methane,for example 4-tert.butyl-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane (Parsol® 1789) and2-cyano-3,3-phenylcinnamic acid-2-ethyl hexyl ester (Octocrylene) incombination with esters of cinnamic acid, preferably 4-methoxycinnamicacid-2-ethyl hexyl ester and/or 4-methoxycinnamic acid propyl esterand/or 4-methoxycinnamic acid isoamyl ester. Combinations such as theseare advantageously combined with water-soluble filters such as, forexample, 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and alkali metal,alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium andglucammonium salts thereof.

Besides the soluble substances mentioned, insoluble light-blockingpigments, i.e. finely dispersed metal oxides or salts, may also be usedfor this purpose. Examples of suitable metal oxides are, in particular,zinc oxide and titanium dioxide and also oxides of iron, zirconiumoxide, silicon, manganese, aluminium and cerium and mixtures thereof.Silicates (talcum), barium sulfate and zinc stearate may be used assalts. The oxides and salts are used in the form of the pigments forskin-care and skin-protecting emulsions and decorative cosmetics. Theparticles should have a mean diameter of less than 100 nm, preferablybetween 5 and 50 nm and more preferably between 15 and 30 nm. They maybe spherical in shape although ellipsoidal particles or othernon-spherical particles may also be used. The pigments may also besurface-treated, i.e. hydrophilicized or hydrophobicized. Typicalexamples are coated titanium dioxides, for example Titandioxid T 805(Degussa) and Eusolexe T2000 (Merck). Suitable hydrophobic coatingmaterials are, above all, silicones and, among these, especiallytrialkoxyoctylsilanes or simethicones. So-called micro- or nanopigmentsare preferably used in sun protection products. Micronized zinc oxide ispreferably used. Other suitable UV filters can be found in P. Finkel'sreview in SÖFW-Journal 122, 543 (1996) and in Parf. Kosm. 3,11 (1999).

Besides the two groups of primary sun protection factors mentionedabove, secondary sun protection factors of the antioxidant type may alsobe used. Secondary sun protection factors of the antioxidant typeinterrupt the photochemical reaction chain which is initiated when UVrays penetrate into the skin. Typical examples are amino acids (forexample glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophane) and derivativesthereof, imidazoles (for example urocanic acid) and derivatives thereof,peptides, such as D,L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-carnosine andderivatives thereof (for example anserine), carotinoids, carotenes (forexample α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene) and derivatives thereof,chlorogenic acid and derivatives thereof, liponic acid and derivativesthereof (for example dihydroliponic acid), aurothioglucose,propylthiouracil and other thiols (for example thioredoxine,glutathione, cysteine, cystine, cystamine and glycosyl, N-acetyl,methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl and lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl,γ-linoleyl, cholesteryl and glyceryl esters thereof) and their salts,dilaurylthiodipropionate, distearylthiodipropionate, thiodipropionicacid and derivatives thereof (esters, ethers, peptides, lipids,nucleotides, nucleosides and salts) and sulfoximine compounds (forexample butionine sulfoximines, homocysteine sulfoximine, butioninesulfones, penta-, hexa- and hepta-thionine sulfoximine) in very smallcompatible dosages (for example pmole to μmole/kg), also (metal)chelators (for example α-hydroxyfatty acids, palmitic acid, phytic acid,lactoferrine), α-hydroxy acids (for example citric acid, lactic acid,malic acid), humic acid, bile acid, bile extracts, bilirubin,biliverdin, EDTA, EGTA and derivatives thereof, unsaturated fatty acidsand derivatives thereof (for example γ-linolenic acid, linoleic acid,oleic acid), folic acid and derivatives thereof, ubiquinone andubiquinol and derivatives thereof, vitamin C and derivatives thereof(for example ascorbyl palmitate, Mg ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbylacetate), tocopherols and derivatives (for example vitamin E acetate),vitamin A and derivatives (vitamin A palmitate) and coniferyl benzoateof benzoin resin, rutinic acid and derivatives thereof, α-glycosylrutin, ferulic acid, furfurylidene glucitol, carnosine, butylhydroxytoluene, butyl hydroxyanisole, nordihydroguaiac resin acid,nordihydroguaiaretic acid, trihydroxybutyrophenone, uric acid andderivatives thereof, mannose and derivatives thereof,Superoxid-Dismutase, zinc and derivatives thereof (for example ZnO,ZnSO₄), selenium and derivatives thereof (for example seleniummethionine), stilbenes and derivatives thereof (for example stilbeneoxide, trans-stilbene oxide) and derivatives of these active substancessuitable for the purposes of the invention (salts, esters, ethers,sugars, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides and lipids).

Cosmetic and/or Pharmaceutical Preparations

The preparations according to the invention may be formulated assubstantially water-free oils, creams, gels, lotions, alcoholic andaqueous/alcoholic solutions, emulsions, sprayable emulsions, wax/fatcompounds, stick preparations and the like. Accordingly, thecompositions according to the invention have viscosities varying from100 to 1,000,000 mpa·s (Brookfield RVF, 23° C., spindle and r.p.m.dependent on viscosity according to the manufacturer). The preparationsaccording to the invention preferably have a viscosity of 100 to 250,000mPa·s at 23° C. Depending on the particular application, thepreparations according to the invention contain a number of otherauxiliaries and additives, such as for example oil components,emulsifiers, surfactants, pearlizing waxes, consistency factors,thickeners, superfatting agents, stabilizers, polymers, siliconecompounds, fats, waxes, lecithins, phospholipids, biogenic agents,antioxidants, deodorizers, antiperspirants, film formers, swellingagents, insect repellents, self-tanning agents, tyrosine inhibitors,hydrotropes, solubilizers, preservatives, perfume oils, dyes and thelike.

Oil Components

The preparations according to the invention preferably also contain atleast one oil component. Oil components in the context of the inventionare substances which are liquid at 20° C. and immiscible with water at25° C. or mixtures of such substances. The combination with oilcomponents enables the sensory properties of the preparations to beoptimized. The quantity of oil components in the composition as a wholecan vary between 1 and 98% by weight according to the particularformulation (for example oil, cream, lotion, sprayable emulsion). In apreferred embodiment, the preparations according to the inventioncontain 1 to 30% by weight oil components and more particularly 5 to 30%by weight oil components.

Suitable oil components are, for example, Guerbet alcohols based onfatty alcohols containing 6 to 18 and preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms(for example Eutanol® G), esters of linear C₆₋₂₂ fatty acids with linearor branched C₆₋₂₂ fatty alcohols, esters of branched C₆₋₁₃ carboxylicacids with linear or branched C₆₋₂₂ fatty alcohols such as, for example,myristyl myristate, myristyl palmitate, myristyl stearate, myristylisostearate, myristyl oleate, myristyl behenate, myristyl erucate, cetylmyristate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, cetyl isostearate, cetyloleate, cetyl behenate, cetyl erucate, stearyl myristate, stearylpalmitate, stearyl stearate, stearyl isostearate, stearyl oleate,stearyl behenate, stearyl erucate, isostearyl myristate, isostearylpalmitate, isostearyl stearate, isostearyl isostearate, isostearyloleate, isostearyl behenate, isostearyl oleate, oleyl myristate, oleylpalmitate, oleyl stearate, oleyl isostearate, oleyl oleate, oleylbehenate, oleyl erucate, behenyl myristate, behenyl palmitate, behenylstearate, behenyl isostearate, behenyl oleate, behenyl behenate, behenylerucate, erucyl myristate, erucyl palmitate, erucyl stearate, erucylisostearate, erucyl oleate, erucyl behenate and erucyl erucate. Alsosuitable are esters of linear C₆₋₂₂ fatty acids with branched alcohols,more particularly 2-ethyl hexanol, esters of C₃₋₃₈alkylhydroxycarboxylic acids with linear or branched C₆₋₂₂ fattyalcohols, more especially diethylhexyl malate, esters of linear and/orbranched fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols (for example propyleneglycol, dimer diol or trimer triol) and/or Guerbet alcohols,triglycerides based on C₆₋₁₀ fatty acids, liquid mono-, di- andtriglyceride mixtures based on C₆₋₁₈ fatty acids, esters of C₆₋₂₂ fattyalcohols and/or Guerbet alcohols with aromatic carboxylic acids, moreparticularly benzoic acid, esters of C₂₋₁₂ dicarboxylic acids withlinear or branched alcohols containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms or polyolscontaining 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, vegetableoils, branched primary alcohols, substituted cyclohexanes, linear andbranched C₆₋₂₂ fatty alcohol carbonates such as, for example, DicaprylylCarbonate (Cetiol® CC), Guerbet carbonates based on fatty alcoholscontaining 6 to 18 and preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms, esters ofbenzoic acid with linear and/or branched C₆₋₂₂ alcohols (for exampleFinsolv® TN), linear or branched, symmetrical or nonsymmetrical dialkylethers containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms per alkyl group such as, forexample, Dicaprylyl Ether (Cetiol® OE), ring opening products ofepoxidized fatty acid esters with polyols (Hydagen® HSP, Sovermol® 750,Sovermol® 1102), silicone oils (cyclo-methicone, silicon methiconetypes, etc.) and/or aliphatic or naphthenic hydrocarbons, for examplemineral oil, vaseline, petrolatum, squalane, squalene or dialkylcyclohexanes.

A distinct improvement in the sensory properties of the compositionsaccording to the invention is achieved when dialkyl ethers and/ordialkyl carbonates are used as oil components either on their own or inconjunction with other oil components. According to the invention,therefore, dialkyl ethers and/or dialkyl carbonates are preferred oilcomponents. In addition, silicone compounds may advantageously be usedto prevent the unwanted so-called “white residues” (microfoam formation)in cosmetic formulations. For example, cyclomethicone and dimethiconeare used in quantities of 1 to 20% by weight, based on the compositionas a whole, for this purpose.

Surfactants/Emulsifiers

In another preferred embodiment, the preparations according to theinvention additionally contain at least one emulsifier. The addition ofemulsifiers improves the incorporation of the dimer diols.

Nonionic emulsifiers are preferred for the purposes of the invention.Nonionic emulsifiers are distinguished by their kindness to the skin,their mildness and their ecotoxicologically favorable properties. Inaddition, the stability and sensory properties of the compositionsaccording to the invention can be improved by the use of a combinationof nonionic w/o and o/w emulsifiers. A particularly preferredcombination is commercially available as Eumulgin® VL 75 (CognisDeutschland GmbH). The compositions according to the invention containthe emulsifier(s) in a quantity of typically 0.1 to 15% by weight,preferably 1 to 10% by weight and more particularly 3 to 10% by weight,based on the total weight of the composition.

Nonionic Emulsifiers

The group of nonionic emulsifiers includes:

-   (1) products of the addition of 2 to 50 mol ethylene oxide and/or 0    to 20 mol propylene oxide onto linear C₈₋₄₀ fatty alcohols, onto    C₁₂₋₄₀ fatty acids and onto alkyl phenols containing 8 to 15 carbon    atoms in the alkyl group;-   (2) C_(12/18) fatty acid mono- and diesters of addition products of    1 to 50 mol ethylene oxide into glycerol;-   (3) glycerol mono- and dieters and sorbitan mono- and diesters of    saturated and unsaturated C₆₋₂₂ fatty acids and ethylene oxide    addition products thereof;-   (4) alkyl mono- and oligoglycosides containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms    in the alkyl group and ethoxylated analogs thereof;-   (5) addition products of 7 to 60 mol ethylene oxide onto castor oil    and/or hydrogenated castor oil;-   (6) polyol esters and, in particular, polyglycerol esters such as,    for example, polypolypoly-12-hydroxystearate, polyglycerol    poly-ricinoleate, polyglycerol diisostearate or polyglycerol    dimerate. Mixtures of compounds from several of these classes are    also suitable;-   (7) products of the addition of 2 to 15 mol ethylene oxide onto    castor oil and/or hydrogenated castor oil;-   (8) partial esters based on linear, branched, unsaturated or    saturated C₆₋₂₂ fatty acids, ricinoleic acid and 12-hydroxystearic    acid and glycerol, polyglycerol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol,    sugar alcohols (for example sorbitol), alkyl glucosides (for example    methyl glucoside, butyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside) and    polyglucosides (for example cellulose) or mixed esters such as, for    example, glyceryl stearate citrate and glyceryl stearate lactate;-   (9) wool wax alcohols;-   (10) polysiloxane/polyalkyl polyether copolymers and corresponding    derivatives;-   (11) mixed esters of pentaerythritol, fatty acids, citric acid and    fatty alcohol and/or mixed esters of fatty acids containing 6 to 22    carbon atoms, methyl glucose and polyols, preferably glycerol, and-   (12) polyalkylene glycols.

The addition products of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide withfatty alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols, glycerol monoesters anddiesters and sorbitan monoesters and diesters of fatty acids or withcastor oil are known, commercially available products. They are homologmixtures of which the average degree of alkoxylation corresponds to theratio between the quantities of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxideand substrate with which the addition reaction is carried out. Theproducts in question are w/o or o/w emulsifiers, depending on the degreeof ethoxylation. Reaction products with 1 to 100 mol ethylene oxide areparticularly suitable for the preparations according to the invention.

Polyolpoly-12-hydroxystearates and the mixtures thereof which aremarketed under the names of “Dehymuls® PGPH” (w/o emulsifier) or“Eumulgin® VL 75” (mixture with Coco Glucosides in a ratio by weight of1:1, o/w emulsifier) or Dehymuls® SBL (w/o emulsifier) by CognisDeutschland GmbH) are also preferred for the purposes of the inventionby virtue of their mildness. The polyol component of these emulsifiersmay be derived from substances which contain at least 2, preferably 3 to12 and more particularly 3 to 8 hydroxyl groups and 2 to 12 carbonatoms.

Suitable lipophilic w/o emulsifiers are, in principle, emulsifiers withan HLB value of 1 to 8 which are summarized in numerous tables and whichare known to the expert. Some of these emulsifiers are listed, forexample, in Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rdEdition, 1979, Vol. 8, page 913. For ethoxylated products, the HLB valuecan be calculated using the following equation: HLB=(100-L): 5, where Lis the percentage by weight of the lipophilic groups, i.e. the fattyalkyl or fatty acyl groups, in % by weight in the ethylene oxideadducts.

Particularly advantageous w/o emulsifiers are partial esters of polyols,more particularly C₃₋₆ polyols such as, for example, glycerylmonoesters, partial esters of pentaerythritol or sugar esters, forexample sucrose distearate, sorbitan monoisostearate, sorbitansesquiisostearate, sorbitan diisostearate, sorbitan triisostearate,sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitantrioleate, sorbitan monoerucate, sorbitan sesquierucate, sorbitandierucate, sorbitan trierucate, sorbitan monoricinoleate, sorbitansesquiricinoleate, sorbitan diricinoleate, sorbitan triricinoleate,sorbitan monohydroxystearate, sorbitan sesqui-hydroxystearate, sorbitandihydroxystearate, sorbitan trihydroxystearate, sorbitan monotartrate,sorbitan sesquitartrate, sorbitan ditartrate, sorbitan tritartrate,sorbitan monocitrate, sorbitan sesquicitrate, sorbitan dicitrate,sorbitan tricitrate, sorbitan monomaleate, sorbitan sesquimaleate,sorbitan dimaleate, sorbitan trimaleate and technical mixtures thereof.Addition products of 1 to 30 and preferably 5 to 10 mol ethylene oxideonto the sorbitan esters mentioned are also suitable emulsifiers.

In cases where water-soluble active components and water areincorporated, at least one emulsifier from the group of nonionic o/wemulsifiers (HLB value: 8-18) and/or solubilizers should be used. Suchemulsifiers and/or solubilizers are, for example, the ethylene oxideadducts mentioned at the beginning with a correspondingly high degree ofethoxylation, for example 10-20 ethylene oxide units for o/w emulsifiersand 20 to 40 ethylene oxide units for so-called solubilizers. Accordingto the invention, Ceteareth-20 and PEG-20 Glyceryl Stearate areparticularly advantageous o/w emulsifiers.

Nonionic emulsifiers from the group of alkyl oligoglycosides areparticularly kind to the skin and, accordingly, are particularlysuitable as o/w emulsifiers for the purposes of the invention. Theyenable the sensory properties of the compositions to be optimized andprovide for particularly easy incorporation of the dimer diols. C₈₋₂₂alkyl mono- and oligoglycosides, their production and their use areknown from the prior art. They are produced in particular by reactingglucose or oligosaccharides with primary alcohols containing 8 to 22carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 22 and more particularly 12 to 18 carbonatoms. So far as the glycoside unit is concerned, both monoglycosides inwhich a cyclic sugar unit is attached to the fatty alcohol by aglycoside bond and oligomeric glycosides with a degree ofoligomerization of preferably up to about 8 are suitable. The degree ofoligomerization is a statistical mean value on which the homologdistribution typical of such technical products is based. Productsavailable under the name of Plantacare® contain a C₈₋₁₆ alkyl groupattached by a glucosidic bond to an oligoglucoside unit with an averagedegree of oligomerization of 1 to 2. The acyl glucamides derived fromglucamine are also suitable nonionic emulsifiers. The product marketedunder the name of Emulgade® PL 68/50 by Cognis Deutschland GmbH, whichis a 1:1 mixture of alkyl polyglucosides and fatty alcohols, ispreferred for the purposes of the invention. The mixture of LaurylGlucoside, Polyglyceryl-2-Dipolyhydroxystearate, glycerol and waterwhich is marketed under the name of Eumulgin® VL 75 may also be usedwith advantage for the purposes of the invention.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the composition according to theinvention contains:

-   (a) 1 to 10% by weight and preferably 1 to 5% by weight dimer diols,-   (b) 1.0 to 30.0% by weight UV filters,-   (c) 5 to 30% by weight oil components,-   (d) 0.1 to 10% by weight emulsifier(s),-   (e) 0 to 90% by weight water.    Other Surfactants/Emulsifiers

The compositions may also contain zwitterionic, amphoteric, cationic andanionic surfactants according to the application envisaged. Thecombination with selected anionic surfactants is particularly suitablefor the purposes of the invention.

Zwitterionic surfactants are surface-active compounds which contain atleast one quaternary ammonium group and at least one —COO⁽⁻⁾ or —SO₃ ⁽⁻⁾group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactantsare the so-called betaines, such as the N-alkyl-N,N-dimethyl ammoniumglycinates, for example cocoalkyl dimethyl ammonium glycinate,N-acylaminopropyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium glycinates, for examplecoco-acylaminopropyl dimethyl ammonium glycinate, and2-alkyl-3-carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyethyl imidazolines containing 8 to 18carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and cocoacylaminoethylhydroxyethyl carboxymethyl glycinate. The fatty acid amide derivativeknown under the CTFA name of Cocamidopropyl Betaine is a particularlypreferred zwitterionic surfactant.

Ampholytic surfactants are also suitable, particularly asco-surfactants. Ampholytic surfactants are surface-active compoundswhich, in addition to a C_(8/18) alkyl or acyl group, contain at leastone free amino group and at least one —COOH— or —SO₃H— group in themolecule and which are capable of forming inner salts. Examples ofsuitable ampholytic surfactants are N-alkyl glycines, N-alkyl propionicacids, N-alkylamino-butyric acids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids,N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkyl-amidopropyl glycines, N-alkyl taurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkyl-aminopropionic acids and alkylaminoacetic acidscontaining around 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. Particularlypreferred ampholytic surfactants are N-cocoalkylaminopropionate,cocoacylaminoethyl aminopropionate and C_(12/18) acyl sarcosine.

In another preferred embodiment, the preparations according to theinvention contain at least one emulsifier selected from the group ofanionic emulsifiers, more particularly alkyl phosphates and alkylsulfates. Anionic emulsifiers/surfactants contribute towards furtherimproving the water resistance of the preparations according to theinvention.

Anionic surfactants are characterized by a water-solubilizing anionicgroup such as, for example, a carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate orphosphate group and a lipophilic group. Dermatologically safe anionicsurfactants are known to the expert in large numbers from relevanttextbooks and are commercially available. They are, in particular, alkylsulfates in the form of their alkali metal, ammonium or alkanolammoniumsalts, alkylether sulfates, alkylether carboxylates, acylisethionates,acyl sarcosinates, acyl taurines containing linear C₁₂₋₁₈ alkyl or acylgroups and sulfosuccinates and acyl glutamates in the form of theiralkali metal or ammonium salts. Among the anionic surfactants, alkalimetal salts of fatty acids (sodium stearate) and, in particular, alkylsulfates (Lanette® E) and alkyl phosphates (Amphisol® K) areparticularly suitable for the preparations according to the inventionbecause they lead to particularly stable and homogeneous emulsions withrelatively high viscosities.

Particularly suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary ammoniumcompounds, preferably ammonium halides, more especially chlorides andbromides, such as alkyl trimethyl ammonium chlorides, dialkyl dimethylammonium chlorides and trialkyl methyl ammonium chlorides, for examplecetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride,distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride,lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and tricetyl methyl ammoniumchloride. In addition, the readily biodegradable quaternary estercompounds, such as for example the dialkyl ammonium methosulfates andmethyl hydroxyalkyl dialkoyloxyalkyl ammonium methosulfates marketedunder the name of Stepantex® and the corresponding products of theDehyquart® series, may be used as cationic surfactants. “Esterquats” aregenerally understood to be quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine estersalts. They can provide the compositions with particular softness. Theyare known substances which are prepared by the relevant methods oforganic chemistry. Other cationic surfactants suitable for use inaccordance with the invention are the quaternized protein hydrolyzates.

Humectants/Skin Moisturizers

In another preferred embodiment, the composition according to theinvention also contains a humectant which contributes towards optimizingthe sensory properties of the composition and which serves to regulatethe skin moisture level. At the same time, the low-temperature stabilityof the preparations according to the invention, particularly in the caseof emulsions, is increased. The humectants are normally present in aquantity of 0.1 to 15% by weight, preferably 1 to 10% by weight and moreparticularly 5 to 10% by weight.

According to the invention, suitable humectants are inter alia aminoacids, pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, lactic acid and salts thereof,lactitol, urea and urea derivatives, uric acid, glucosamine, creatinine,cleavage products of collagen, chitosan or chitosan salts/derivativesand, in particular, polyols and polyol derivatives (for exampleglycerol, diglycerol, triglycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol,butylene glycol, erythritol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, polyethylene glycols,such as PEG-4, PEG-6, PEG-7, PEG-8, PEG-9, PEG-10, PEG-12, PEG-14,PEG-16, PEG-18, PEG-20), sugars and sugar derivatives (inter aliafructose, glucose, maltose, maltitol, mannitol, inositol, sorbitol,sorbityl silanediol, sucrose, trehalose, xylose, xylitol, glucuronicacid and salts thereof), ethoxylated sorbitol (Sorbeth-6, Sorbeth-20,Sorbeth-30, Sorbeth-40), honey and hydrogenated honey, hydrogenatedstarch hydrolyzates and mixtures of hydrogenated wheat protein andPEG-20-acetate copolymer. According to the invention, particularlypreferred humectants are glycerol, diglycerol and triglycerol.

Viscosity Adjusters

The required viscosity for the compositions according to the inventionis achieved by addition of viscosity adjusters. Viscosity adjustersadditionally increase the water resistance of the preparations accordingto the invention. Accordingly, a preferred embodiment of the preparationaccording to the invention additionally contains at least one viscosityadjuster. Suitable viscosity adjusters are inter alia consistencyfactors such as, for example, fatty alcohols or hydroxyfatty alcoholscontaining 12 to 22 and preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms and alsopartial glycerides, fatty acids containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms or12-hydroxyfatty acids. A combination of these substances with alkyloligoglucosides and/or fatty acid N-methyl glucamides of the same chainlength and/or polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxystearates is preferably usedbecause combinations such as these provide particularly stable andhomogeneous emulsions. Other suitable viscosity adjusters are thickenerssuch as, for example, Aerosil® types (hydrophilic silicas),polysaccharides, more especially xanthan gum, guar-guar, agar-agar,alginates and tyloses, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl andhydroxypropyl cellulose, also relatively high molecular weightpolyethylene glycol monoesters and diesters of fatty acids,polyacrylates (for example Carbopols® and Pemulen types [Goodrich];Synthalens® [Sigma]; Keltrol types [Kelco]; Sepigel types [Seppic];Salcare types [Allied Colloids]), uncrosslinked and polyol-crosslinkedpolyacrylic acids, polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone. Other viscosity adjusters which have proved to beparticularly effective are bentonites, for example Bentone® Gel VS-5PC(Rheox) which is a mixture of cyclopentasiloxane, DisteardimoniumHectorite and propylene carbonate. Other suitable viscosity adjustersare surfactants such as, for example, ethoxylated fatty acid glycerides,esters of fatty acids with polyols, for example pentaerythritol ortrimethylol propane, narrow-range fatty alcohol ethoxylates or alkyloligoglucosides and electrolytes, such as sodium chloride and ammoniumchloride.

Suitable viscosity adjusters also include anionic, zwitterionic,amphoteric and nonionic copolymers such as, for example, vinylacetate/crotonic acid copolymers, vinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acrylatecopolymers, vinyl acetate/butyl maleate/isobornyl acrylate copolymers,methyl vinylether/maleic anhydride copolymers and esters thereof,acrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride/acrylate copolymers,octylacrylamide/methyl methacrylate/tert.-butylaminoethylmethacrylate/2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/vinyl caprolactamterpolymers and optionally derivatized cellulose ethers and silicones.Other suitable polymers and thickeners can be found in Cosm. Toil., 108,95 (1993).

According to the invention, it is preferred to use polymers inquantities of 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably in quantities of 0.1 to 3%by weight and more particularly in quantities of 0.1 to 2% by weight,based on the composition as a whole. Polyacrylic acid homopolymers andcopolymers are particularly preferred for the purposes of the inventionbecause the resulting preparations according to the invention undergolittle or no change in viscosity, even during long-term storage atelevated temperatures.

Insect Repellents

Another preferred embodiment of the composition according to theinvention contains an insect repellent or a combination of insectrepellents. The water resistance of the preparations is also importantfor this embodiment, ensuring that the active components are not washedoff and long-term protection is developed. The combination of UV filtersand insect repellents in one and the same preparation is alsoparticularly lucravtive on cost grounds.

Suitable insect repellents are N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, pentane-1,2-diolor 3-(N-n-butyl-N-acetylamino)-propionic acid ethyl ester), which ismarketed as Insect Repellent 3535 by Merck KGaA, and EthylButylacetyl-aminopropionate. They are normally used in the compositionsaccording to the invention in a quantity of 0.1 to 10% by weight,preferably in a quantity of 1 to 8% by weight and more particularly in aquantity of 2 to 6% by weight, based on the overall composition.

Other Auxiliaries and Additives (Optional)

The compositions according to the invention may contain otherauxiliaries and additives according to the particular applicationenvisaged, including for example fats and waxes, pearlizing waxes,superfatting agents, stabilizers, cationic, zwitterionic or amphotericpolymers, biogenic agents, film formers, swelling agents, hydrotropes,preservatives, antidandruff agents, self-tanning agents, solubilizers,perfume oils, dyes, etc. which are mentioned by way of example in thefollowing.

Deodorant and Antiperspirant Components

It can be desirable to add deodorant and antiperspirnt components to sunprotection preparations in order to limit or suppress perspiration, forexample in the facial region.

Active components such as these include astringent metal salts(antiperspirant components), germ inhibitors, enzyme inhibitors, odorabsorbers, odor maskers or any combination of these components. Thedeodorant/antiperspirant components may be present in the compositionsaccording to the invention in a quantity of 0.1 to 30% by weight,preferably in a quantity of 5 to 25% by weight and more particularly ina quantity of 10 to 25% by weight (based on the quantity of activesubstance).

Suitable antiperspirant components are, for example, aluminiumchlorhydrates, aluminium/zirconium chlorhydrates and zinc salts. Theseantiperspirants probably act by partially blocking the sweat glandsthrough the precipitation of proteins and/or polysaccharides. Besidesthe chlorhydrates, aluminium hydroxylactates and acidicaluminium/zirconium salts may also be used. For example, an aluminiumchlorhydrate which corresponds to the formula [Al₂(OH)₅Cl]·2.5H₂O andwhich is particularly preferred for the purposes of the invention iscommercially available under the name of Locron® from Clariant GmbH. Thealuminium/zirconium tetrachlorohydrex/glycine complexes marketed, forexample, by Reheis under the name of Rezal® 36G are also preferably usedin accordance with the invention.

Enzyme inhibitors, for example esterase inhibitors, may be added asother deodorant components The esterase inhibitors are preferablytrialkyl citrates, such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl citrate,triisopropyl citrate, tributyl citrate and, in particular, triethylcitrate (Hydagen® CAT, Cognis Deutschland GmbH). Esterase inhibitorsinhibit enzyme activity and thus reduce odor formation. The free acid isprobably released through the cleavage of the citric acid ester,reducing the pH value of the skin to such an extent that the enzymes areinhibited. Other esterase inhibitors are sterol sulfates or phosphatessuch as, for example, lanosterol, cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasteroland sitosterol sulfate or phosphate, dicarboxylic acids and estersthereof, for example glutaric acid, glutaric acid monoethyl ester,glutaric acid diethyl ester, adipic acid, adipic acid monoethyl ester,adipic acid diethyl ester, malonic acid and malonic acid diethyl ester,hydroxycarboxylic acids and esters thereof, for example citric acid,malic acid, tartaric acid or tartaric acid diethyl ester. Antibacterialagents which influence the germ flora and destroy or inhibit the growthof perspiration-decomposing bacteria, may also be present in thecompositions. Examples of such antibacterial agents are chitosan,phenoxyethanol and chlorhexidine gluconate.5-Chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-phenol, which is marketed under thename of Irgasan® by Ciba-Geigy of Basel, Switzerland, has also proved tobe particularly effective.

Basically, suitable germ inhibitors are any substances which act againstgram-positive bacteria such as, for example, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid andsalts and esters thereof,N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N′-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-urea,2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxydiphenylether (triclosan),4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol,2,2′-methylene-bis-(6-bromo-4-chlorophenol),3-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-phenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol,3-(4-chlorophenoxy)-propane-1,2-diol, 3-iodo-2-propinyl butyl carbamate,chlorhexidine, 3,4,4′-trichlorocarbanilide (TTC), antibacterialperfumes, thymol, thyme oil, eugenol, clove oil, menthol, mint oil,farnesol, phenoxyethanol, glycerol monocaprate, glycerol monocaprylate,glycerol monolaurate (GML), diglycerol monocaprate (DMC), salicylicacid-N-alkylamides such as, for example, salicylic acid-n-octyl amide orsalicylic acid-n-decyl amide.

Suitable odor absorbers are substances which are capable of absorbingand largely retaining the odor-forming compounds. They reduce thepartial pressure of the individual components and thus also reduce therate at which they spread. An important requirement in this regard isthat perfumes must remain unimpaired. Odor absorbers are not activeagainst bacteria. They contain, for example, a complex zinc salt ofricinoleic acid or special perfumes of largely neutral odor known to theexpert as “fixateurs” such as, for example, extracts of ladanum orstyrax or certain abietic acid derivatives as their principal component.

Odor maskers are perfumes or perfume oils which, besides theirodor-masking function, impart their particular perfume note to thedeodorants. Suitable perfume oils are, for example, mixtures of naturaland synthetic fragrances. Natural fragrances include the extracts ofblossoms, stems and leaves, fruits, fruit peel, roots, woods, herbs andgrasses, needles and branches, resins and balsams. Animal raw materials,for example civet and beaver, may also be used. Typical syntheticperfume compounds are products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone,alcohol and hydrocarbon type. Examples of perfume compounds of the estertype are benzyl acetate, p-tert.butyl cyclohexylacetate, linalylacetate, phenyl ethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, allylcyclohexyl propionate, styrallyl propionate and benzyl salicylate.Ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether while aldehydes include,for example, the linear alkanals containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms,citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamen aldehyde,hydroxycitronellal, lilial and bourgeonal. Examples of suitable ketonesare the ionones and methyl cedryl ketone. Suitable alcohols are anethol,citronellol, eugenol, isoeugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethylalcohol and terpineol. The hydrocarbons mainly include the terpenes andbalsams. However, it is preferred to use mixtures of different perfumecompounds which, together, produce an agreeable fragrance. Othersuitable perfume oils are essential oils of relatively low volatilitywhich are mostly used as aroma components. Examples are sage oil,camomile oil, clove oil, melissa oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil,lime-blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, olibanum oil, galbanumoil, ladanum oil and lavendin oil. The following are preferably usedeither individually or in the form of mixtures: bergamot oil,dihydromyrcenol, lilial, lyral, citronellol, phenylethyl alcohol,a-hexylcinnamaldehyde, geraniol, benzyl acetone, cyclamen aldehyde,linalool, Boisambrene Forte, Ambroxan, indole, hedione, sandelice,citrus oil, mandarin oil, orange oil, allylamyl glycolate, cyclovertal,lavendin oil, clary oil, β-damascone, geranium oil bourbon, cyclohexylsalicylate, Vertofix Coeur, Iso-E-Super, Fixolide NP, evernyl, iraldeingamma, phenylacetic acid, geranyl acetate, benzyl acetate, rose oxide,romillat, irotyl and floramat.

Fats and waxes in the context of the invention are understood to be anylipids of fat- or wax-like consistency which have a melting point above20° C. These include, for example, the standard triacyl glycerols, i.e.the triple esters of fatty acids with glycerol which may be of vegetableor animal origin. They may also be mixed esters, i.e. triple esters ofglycerol with various fatty acids, or mixtures of various glycerides,including mixtures of mono-, di- and triglycerides. So-called hardenedfats and oils obtained by partial hydrogenation are also particularlysuitable for the purposes of the invention. Vegetable hardened fats andoils are preferred, for example hardened castor oil, peanut oil, soybeanoil, rape oil, rapeseed oil, cotton-seed oil, sunflower oil, palm oil,palm kernel oil, linseed oil, almond oil, corn oil, olive oil, sesameoil, cocoa butter and coconut oil. Oxidation-stable vegetable glyceridescommercially available as Cegesoft® and Novata® are particularlysuitable.

Suitable waxes are inter alia natural waxes such as, for example,candelilla wax, carnauba wax, Japan wax, espartograss wax, cork wax,guaruma wax, rice oil wax, sugar cane wax, ouricury wax, montan wax,beeswax, shellac wax, spermaceti, lanolin (wool wax), uropygial fat,ceresine, ozocerite (earth wax), petrolatum, paraffin waxes andmicrowaxes; chemically modified waxes (hard waxes) such as, for example,montan ester waxes, sasol waxes, hydrogenated jojoba waxes and syntheticwaxes such as, for example, polyalkylene waxes and polyethylene glycolwaxes.

Besides the fats, other suitable additives are fat-like substances, suchas lecithins and phospholipids. Lecithins are glycerophospholipids whichare formed from fatty acids, glycerol, phosphoric acid and choline byesterification and are also frequently referred to as phosphatidylcholines (PCs). Examples of natural lecithins are the kephalins whichare also known as phosphatidic acids and which are derivatives of1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoric acids. By contrast, phospholipidsare generally understood to be mono- and preferably diesters ofphosphoric acid with glycerol (glycerophosphates). Sphingosines andsphingolipids are also suitable as fat-like substances.

Suitable pearlizing waxes are, for example, alkylene glycol esters,especially ethylene glycol distearate; fatty acid alkanolamides,especially cocofatty acid diethanolamide; partial glycerides, especiallystearic acid monoglyceride; esters of polybasic, optionallyhydroxysubstituted carboxylic acids with fatty alcohols containing 6 to22 carbon atoms, especially long-chain esters of tartaric acid; fattycompounds, such as for example fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, fattyaldehydes, fatty ethers and fatty carbonates which contain in all atleast 24 carbon atoms, especially Lauron®; distearylether; fatty acids,such as stearic acid, C₁₂₋₂₂ hydroxyfatty acids, behenic acid, ringopening products of C₁₂₋₂₂ olefin epoxides with C₁₂₋₂₂ fatty alcoholsand/or polyols containing 2 to 15 carbon atoms and 2 to 10 hydroxylgroups and mixtures thereof.

Superfatting agents may be selected from such substances as, forexample, lanolin and lecithin and also polyethoxylated or acylatedlanolin and lecithin derivatives, polyol fatty acid esters,monoglycerides and fatty acid alkanolamides, the fatty acidalkanolamides also serving as foam stabilizers.

Metal salts of fatty acids such as, for example, magnesium, aluminiumand/or zinc stearate or ricinoleate may be used as stabilizers.

Suitable cationic polymers, which further optimize the sensory profileof the compositions according to the invention and give the skin afeeling of softness, are, for example, cationic cellulose derivativessuch as, for example, the quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose obtainablefrom Amerchol under the name of Polymer JR 400®, cationic starch,copolymers of diallyl ammonium salts and acrylamides, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl imidazole polymers such as, for example, Luviquat®(BASF), condensation products of polyglycols and amines, quaternizedcollagen polypeptides such as, for example, Lauryidimonium HydroxypropylHydrolyzed Collagen (Lamequat® L, Grunau), quaternized wheatpoly-peptides, polyethyleneimine, cationic silicone polymers such as,for example, Amodimethicone, copolymers of adipic acid anddimethylamino-hydroxypropyl diethylenetriamine (Cartaretine®, Sandoz),copolymers of acrylic acid with dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride(Merquat® 550, Chemviron), polyaminopolyamides and crosslinkedwater-soluble polymers thereof, cationic chitin derivatives such as, forexample, quaternized chitosan, optionally in microcrystallinedistribution, condensation products of dihaloalkyls, for exampledibromobutane, with bis-dialkylamines, for examplebis-dimethylamino-1,3-propane, cationic guar gum such as, for example,Jaguar®CBS, Jaguar®C-17, Jaguar®C-16 of Celanese, quaternized ammoniumsalt polymers such as, for example, Mirapol® A-15, Mirapol® AD-1,Mirapol® AZ-1 of Miranol.

Suitable silicone compounds were mentioned above in connection with theoil components. Besides dimethyl polysiloxanes, methylphenylpolysiloxanes and cyclic silicones, other suitable silicone compoundsare amino-, fatty acid-, alcohol-, polyether-, epoxy-, fluorine-,glycoside- and/or alkyl-modified silicone compounds which may be bothliquid and resin-like at room temperature. Other suitable siliconecompounds are simethicones which are mixtures of dimethicones with anaverage chain length of 200 to 300 dimethylsiloxane units and silicondioxide or hydrogenated silicates.

Biogenic agents suitable for the purposes of the invention are, forexample, tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol palmitate, ascorbicacid, (deoxy)ribonucleic acid and fragmentation products thereof,β-glucans, retinol, bisabolol, allantoin, phytantriol, panthenol, AHAacids, amino acids, ceramides, pseudoceramides, essential oils, plantextracts, for example prunus extract, bambara nut extract, and vitamincomplexes. Active components such as these are used as radical traps insun protection formulations and serve to regenerate the skin.

So-called film formers, which lead to a further improvement in thesensory profile of the preparations according to the invention, are, forexample, chitosan, microcrystalline chitosan, quaternized chitosan,collagen, hyaluronic acid and salts thereof and similar compounds andthe polyvinyl pyrrolidones, vinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers,polymers of the acrylic acid series and quaternary cellulosederivatives.

Suitable antidandruff agents are Pirocton Olamin(1-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-2-(1H)-pyridinonemonoethanolamine salt), Baypival® (Climbazole), Ketoconazol®)(4-acetyl-1-{4-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)r-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxylan-c4-ylmethoxy-phenyl}-piperazine,ketoconazole, elubiol, selenium disulfide, colloidal sulfur, sulfurpolyethylene glycol sorbitan monooleate, sulfur ricinol polyethoxylate,sulfur tar distillate, salicylic acid (or in combination withhexachlorophene), undecylenic acid, monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate Nasalt, Lamepon® UD (protein/undecylenic acid condensate), zincpyrithione, aluminium pyrithione and magnesium pyrithione/dipyrithionemagnesium sulfate.

A suitable self-tanning agent is, for example, dihydroxyacetone.Suitable tyrosinase inhibitors, which prevent the formation of melaninand are used in depigmenting agents, are, for example, arbutin, ferulicacid, koji acid, coumaric acid and ascorbic acid (vitamin C).

In addition, hydrotropes, for example ethanol, isopropyl alcohol orpolyols, may be used to improve flow behavior. Suitable polyolspreferably contain 2 to 15 carbon atoms and at least two hydroxylgroups. The polyols may contain other functional groups, more especiallyamino groups, or may be modified with nitrogen. Typical examples are

-   -   glycerol;    -   alkylene glycols such as, for example, ethylene glycol,        diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene        glycol and polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight        of 100 to 1000 dalton;    -   technical oligoglycerol mixtures with a degree of        self-condensation of 1.5 to 10 such as, for example, technical        diglycerol mixtures with a diglycerol content of 40 to 50% by        weight;    -   methylol compounds such as, in particular, trimethylol ethane,        trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane, pentaerythritol and        dipenta-erythritol;    -   short-chain alkyl glucosides, particularly those containing 1 to        8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, for example methyl and butyl        glucoside;    -   sugar alcohols containing 5 to 12 carbon atoms, for example        sorbitol or mannitol,    -   sugars containing 5 to 12 carbon atoms, for example glucose or        sucrose;    -   amino sugars, for example glucamine;    -   dialcoholamines, such as diethanolamine or        2-aminopropane-1,3-diol.

Suitable preservatives are, for example, phenoxyethanol, formal-dehydesolution, parabens, pentanediol or sorbic acid and the silver complexesknown under the name of Surfacine® and the other classes of compoundslisted in Appendix 6, Parts A and B of the Kosmetik-verordnung(“Cosmetics Directive”).

Suitable perfume oils are natural, vegetable and animal and alsosynthetic perfumes or mixtures thereof. Natural perfumes are obtainedinter alia by extraction of flowers, stems and leaves, fruits, fruitpeel, roots and resins of plants. Animal raw materials, for examplecivet and beaver, may also be used. Typical synthetic perfume compoundsare products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol andhydrocarbon type. Mixtures of various perfumes, which together producean attractive perfume note, are preferably used.

Suitable dyes are any of the substances suitable and approved forcosmetic purposes as listed, for example, in the publication“Kosmetische Fairbemittel” of the Farbstoffkommission der DeutschenForschungsgemeinschaft, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1984, pages 81 to 106.

The total percentage content of auxiliaries and additives may be from 1to 50% by weight and is preferably from 5 to 40% by weight, based on thepreparations according to the invention. The preparations according tothe invention may be produced by standard hot or cold processes and arepreferably produced by the phase inversion temperature method.

EXAMPLES

Sovermol® 908 (Cognis Deutschland GmbH) was incorporated in basicformulations and the water resistance of the preparations according tothe invention was determined. To determine the water resistance of thepreparations according to the invention, a defined quantity of thepreparations (cf. Table 1) was applied to a suitable carrier materialand was “watered” to predetermined criteria in a glass beaker, the waterbeing agitated by a magnetic stirrer. The SPF (sun protection factor)was determined before and after the treatment with water using a UV1000S Labsphere Ultraviolet Transmittance Analyzer.

The sensory evaluation was conducted by a panel of ten trainedvolunteers who awarded scores of (1)=very good to (6)=unsatisfactory.The results represent the mean values of three measurements.

Water Resistance

-   -   carrier material: Vitro-Skin N19, manuf.: IMS (4×3 cm) on slide        frames    -   quantity applied: 2 mg/cm²    -   drying time before 1st measurement: 15 mins., temp. 30° C.    -   water temperature: 23° C. (16° d)    -   pH value water: 7.0±0.5    -   water volume: 400 ml    -   stirring speed: 300 r.p.m. (magnetic stirrer)    -   watering time: 2×20 mins. with an interval of 20 mins.    -   drying time before 2nd measurement: 15 mins., temp. 30° C.

The results are set out in Tables 1. Examples 1 and 2 correspond to theinvention; Examples C1 and C2 are intended for comparison. Unlessotherwise indicated, the quantities mentioned in the following Examplesrepresent % by weight of the commercially available substances in thecomposition as a whole. TABLE 1 Basic formulations of sun porotectionformulations; water resistance and sensory profileComposition/Performance 1 2 V1 V2 Eumulgin ® VL 75 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0Myritol ® 331 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 Cetiol ® OE 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 Eutanol ® G 163.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Sovermol ® 908 4.0 2.0 — — Antaron ® V 220 2.0 4.0Antaron ® V 216 — 4.0 Neo Heliopan ® AV 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 Parsol ® 17892.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Carbopol ® 2984 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Glycerin 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0Water, NaOH, preservative to 100/pH = 7/q.s. In-vitroSun-Protection-Factor (SPF) before treatment with water 15 15 15 15after treatment with water 14 13 9 10 difference (%-rel.) 93 87 60 66Sensory evaluation Absorption 1 2 5 4 Smoothness 1 2 4 4 Tackiness 1 1 65

Comparison Examples C1 and C2, which contain Antaron®) V220 and Antaron®V 216 instead of Sovermol® 908 (which are normally used to increasewater resistane) show distinctly reduced water resistance and areinferior in their sensory properties. TABLE 2 O/W sun protectionemulsions Quantities in % by weight of the commercially availablesubstances in the composition as a whole Component 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1112 13 L = Lotion, C = Cream, S = Spray L C S L C L L C L C L Eumulgin ®VL 75 4 4 2 2 Eumulgin ® B2 2 Tween ® 60 1 Myrj ® 51 3 2 Cutina ® E 24 11 Hostaphat ® KL 340 N 2 Lanette ® E 0.5 0.5 Amphisol ® K 1 1 0.5 1Sodium stearate 1 2 Emulgade ® PL 68/50 1 5 4 Tego ® Care 450 3 Cutina ®MD 2 6 4 6 Lanette ® 14 1 1 2 4 Lanette ®O 1 6 5 2 2 Sovermol ® 908 2 24 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 1 Emery ® 1780 0.5 0.5 Lanolin, anhydrous USP 5Myritol ® PC 5 Myritol ® 331 5 8 6 10 2 Finsolv ® TN 1 1 8 Cetiol ® CC 25 4 4 2 2 3 Cetiol ® OE 3 2 3 Dow Corning DC ® 244 4 1 5 2 2 Dow CorningDC ® 2502 1 2 Squatol ® S 4 Silikonöl Wacker AK ® 350 2 Cetiol ® 868 2 47 Cetiol ® J 600 3 2 5 Mineral oil 9 Cetiol ® B 1 2 Eutanol ® GEutanol ® G 16 Cetiol ® PGL 5 5 Almond oil 2 1 Photonyl ® LS 2 2Panthenol 1 Bisabolol   0.2 Tocopherol/Tocopherylacetate 1 Photonyl ® LSNeo Heliopan ® Hydro (Na salt) 2 2.2 3 3 2 Neo Heliopan ® 303 3 5 9 4Neo Heliopan ® BB 1 2 Neo Heliopan ® MBC 2 3 2 2 2 1 Neo Heliopan ® OS10 7 Neo Heliopan ® E 1000 7.5 6 6 Neo Heliopan ® AV 7.5 7.5 4 5Uvinul ® T 150 2 2 2.5 1 1.5 2 Parsol ® 1789 1 1 2 2 2 Zinc oxide NDM 105 10 3 5 4 Eusolex ® T 2000 5 3 3 4 Veegum ® Ultra 0.75 1 1 Keltrol ® T0.25 0.5 0.5 Carbopol ® 980 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.2 Ethanol 10Butylene glycol 2 4 3 2 5 2 2 Glycerin 5 5 5 3 3 2 4 3 Preservative,NaOH, water q.s./pH 6.5-7.5/to 100

TABLE 3 O/W sun protection emulsions Quantities in % by weight of thecommercially available substanes in the composition as a whole Component14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 L = Lotion, C = Cream, S = Spray L L LC L C S C C L L Eumulgin ® VL 75 4 3 4.5 3 4 Eumulgin ® B2 1 Tween ® 601 Myrj ® 51 Cutina ® E 24 2 Hostaphat ® KL 340 N 0.5 Lanette ® E 0.5 0.50.5 0.1 0.5 Amphisol ® K 0.5 1 1 1 Sodium stearate 1 Emulgade ® PL 68/506 4.5 1 5 Tego ® Care 450 1 4 Cutina ® MD 1 8 6 1 4 1 Lanette ® 14 2 2 1Lanette ® O 2 1 1 Sovermol ® 908 4 2 4 1 2 4 2 2 2 4 3 Emery ® 1780Lanolin, anhydrous, USP Myritol ® PC 5 Myritol ® 331 12 12 8 8 10 8Finsolv ® TN 5 3 3 Cetiol ® CC 6 6 5 5 Cetiol ® OE 2 2 Dow Corning DC ®244 2 1 Dow Corning DC ® 2502 1 1 Ceraphyl ® 45 2 2 Silikonöl WackerAK ® 350 1 Cetiol ® 868 2 Cetiol ® J 600 2 Mineral oil 10 Cetiol ® B 4 44 Eutanol ® G 3 3 Eutanol ® G 16 S 10 Cetiol ® PGL 2 Photonyl ® LS 2Panthenol 1 Bisabolol   0.2 Tocopherol/Tocopheryl acetate 1 NeoHeliopan ® Hydro (Na salt) 3 Eusolex ® OCR 6 9 5 7 9 3 4 7 NeoHeliopan ® BB 1 1 1 1 Neo Heliopan ® MBC 2 1 2 3 1 3 Neo Heliopan ® OS 27 Neo Heliopan ® E1000 4 5 Neo Heliopan ® AV 4 7.5 5 3 5 4 7.5 3Uvinul ® T 150 1 1 1 1 1 1.3 1 1 Parsol ® 1789 1 1 2 1 Z-Cote ® HP 1 7 25 7 5 6 2 2 Eusolex ® T 2000 5 2 10 10 2 2 Veegum ® Ultra 1.5 1.5 1.51.2 1 Keltrol ® T 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 Pemulen ® TR 2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3Ethanol 5 8 Butylene glycol 1 3 3 8 1 Glycerin 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 5 3Water/preservative/NaOH to 100/q.s./pH 6.5-7.5

TABLE 4 W/O sun protection emulsions Quantities in % by weight of thecommercially available substanes in the composition as a whole Component26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 L = Lotion; C = Cream C L C L C L L L LC C Dehymuls ® PGPH 4 2 1 3 3 1 1 2 2 4 1 Monomuls ® 90-O18 2 Lameform ®TGI 2 4 3 1 3 Abil ® EM 90 4 Glucate ® DO 3 Isolan ® PDI 4 2 Arlacel ®83 2 Elfacos ® ST9 2 Elfacos ® ST37 Arlacel ® P 135 2 Dehymuls ® HRE 7Zinc stearate 1 1 1 1 1 Microcrystalline wax 5 2 5 Beeswax 1 1 5 7Tego ® Care CG 1 .5 Prisorine ® 3505 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sovermol ® 908 3 4 2 44 2 2 2 1 1 3 Emery ® 1780 5 4 Wool wax alcohol, anhydrous, USP 1Myritol ® PC 3 4 Myritol ® 331 10 3 6 8 Finsolv ® TN 5 5 Cetiol ® CC 1222 2 2 5 Cetiol ® OE 4 5 4 2 Dow Corning DC ® 244 2 Dow Coming DC ® 25021 2 Prisorine ® 3758 2 Silikonöl Wacker AK ® 350 4 3 Cetiol ® 868 2Eutanol ® G 16 3 Eutanol ® G 16S Cetiol ® J 600 4 2 Ceraphyl ® 45 2 2 6Mineral oil 4 Cetiol ® B 2 4 3 Eutanol ® G 3 8 Cetiol ® PGL 11 4 9Almond oil 1 5 Photonyl ® LS 2 1 4 Panthenol 1.0 Bisabolol 0.2Tocopherol/Tocopheryl acetate 1.0 Magnesium sulfate × 7 water 1   NeoHeliopan ® Hydro (Na salt) 2 3 1 2 1 1 Neo Heliopan ® 303 2 4 2 6 NeoHeliopan ® BB 4 2 2 Neo Heliopan ® MBC 2 2 4 3 Neo Heliopan ® OS NeoHeliopan ® E 1000 5 Neo Heliopan ® AV 3 6 6 3 7.5 7.5 5 7.5 Uvinul ® T150 1 2 2.5 1 2 Parsol ® 1789 2 1 1 2 Zinc oxide NDM 2 5 6 4 3 2 15Eusolex ® T 2000 15 10 2 5 6 4 3 2 Ethanol 8 Butylene glycol 2 6 2 5 2Glycerin 5 3 3 5 3 2 10 4 Water/preservative to 100/q.s.

TABLE 5 W/O sun protection emulsions Quantities in % by weight of thecommercially available substanes in the composition as a whole Component37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 L = Lotion; C = Cream L C L L C L L L LC C Dehymuls ® PGPH 3 1 5 1 1 3 2 4 0.5 1 4 Monomuls ® 90-O18 1Lameform ® TGI 4 1 3 1 Abil ® EM 90 1 2 Glucate ® DO 3 2 Isolan ® PDI 34 Arlacel ® 83 3 Elfacos ® ST9 2 Elfacos ® ST37 2 Arlacel ® P 135 3Dehymuls ® HRE 7 4 Zinc stearate 2 2 1 1 1 1 Microcrystalline wax 4 1 4Beeswax 4 2 1 2 1 Tego ® Care CG Isostearic acid 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sovermol ®908 2 4 3 3 2 2 1 3 3 1 4 Emery ® 1780 7 3 Wool wax alcohol, anhydrous,USP Myritol ® PC Myritol ® 331 4 2 3 5 8 5 4 Finsolv ® TN 5 5 7 Cetiol ®CC 3 1 3 16 12 Cetiol ® OE 3 2 3 Dow Corning DC ® 244 4 2 Dow CorningDC ® 2502 1 Prisorine ® 3578 1 Silikonöl Wacker AK ® 350 1 Cetiol ® 868Eutanol ® G 16 3 Eutanol ® G 16S 7 Cetiol ® J 600 3 Ceraphyl ® 45 1 5 4Mineral oil 9 Cetiol ® B 3 3 2 2 Eutanol ® G 2 5 Cetiol ® PGL 2 Almondoil 2 Photonyl ® LS 3 2 Panthenol 1.0 Bisabolol 0.2Tocopherol/Tocopheryl acetate 1.0 Magnesium sulfate × 7 water 1   NeoHeliopan ® Hydro (Na salt) 4 1 1 4 Neo Heliopan ® 303 6 2 2 6 NeoHeliopan ® BB 2 2 2 Neo Heliopan ® MBC 2 1 3 4 2 Neo Heliopan ® OS 4 8Neo Heliopan ® E 1000 5 5 Neo Heliopan ® AV 5 5 6 4 7.5 5 Uvinul ® T 1501 1 2 2 3 2 Parsol ® 1789 1 1 1 1 0.5 Z-Cote ® HP 1 4 10 2 2 8 5 5 5Titanium dioxide T 805 2 2 10 7 7 4 7 Ethanol 8 10 Butylene glycol 5 1 33 8 2 Glycerin 6 2 5 5 3 5 Water/preservative to 100/q.s.

TABLE 6 W/O care emulsions Quantities in % by weight of the commerciallyavailable substanes in the composition as a whole Component 48 49 50 5152 53 54 55 56 57 58 L = Lotion, C = Cream C L C L C L L L C C CSovermol ® 908 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 Dehymuls ® PGPH 1 3 1 2 3 1 1 2 1 11 Monomuls ® 90-O18 2 2 2 Lameform ® TGI 4 1 3 1 4 3 3 Abil ® EM 90 4Isolan ® PDI 4 Glucate ® DO 5 Arlacel ® 83 5 Dehymuls ® FCE Dehymuls ®HRE 7 4 1 Zinc stearate 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Microcrystalline wax 5 2 5 Beeswax4 1 1 4 7 Tego Care ® CG 1 0.5 Prisorine ® 3505 1 1 1 1 1 Dry Flo ® PlusSFE 839 3 Emery ® 1780 1 1 Lanolin; anhydrous USP 5 4 Cegesoft ® C 17 31 Myritol ® PC 2 4 Myritol ® 331 6 2 6 2 8 Finsolv ® TN 5 2 5 Cetiol ® A6 4 Cetiol ® CC 8 2 2 2 2 5 Cetiol ® SN 5 3 Cetiol ® OE 3 4 2 4 2 DowCorning DC ® 244 1 2 Dow Corning DC ® 2502 1 2 Prisorine ® 3758 3Silikonöl Wacker AK ® 350 4 3 Ceraphyl ® 45 1 5 4 Mineral oil 9 Cetiol ®B 3 3 2 2 Eutanol ® G 2 5 Cetiol ® PGL 2 Almond oil 2 Photonyl ® LS 3 2Panthenol 1.0 Bisabolol 0.2 Tocopherol/Tocopheryl acetate 1.0 Magnesiumsulfate × 7 water 1   Neo Heliopan ® Hydro (Na salt) 4 1 1 4 NeoHeliopan ® 303 6 2 2 6 Neo Heliopan ® BB 2 2 2 Neo Heliopan ® MBC 2 1 34 2 Neo Heliopan ® OS 4 8 Neo Heliopan ® E 1000 5 5 Neo Heliopan ® AV 55 6 4 7.5 5 Uvinul ® T 150 1 1 2 2 3 2 Parsol ® 1789 1 1 1 1 0.5Z-Cote ® HP 1 4 10 2 2 8 5 5 5 Titanium dioxide T 805 2 2 10 7 7 4 7Ethanol 8 10 Butylene glycol 5 1 3 3 8 2 Glycerin 6 2 5 5 3 5Water/preservative to 100/q.s.

TABLE 7 W/O care emulsions Quantities in % by weight of the commerciallyavailable substanes in the composition as a whole Component 59 60 61 6263 64 65 66 67 68 69 L = Lotion, C = Cream L C L L C L L L L C CSovermol ® 908 1 3 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 Dehymuls ® PGPH 3 1 5 1 1 3 3 4 1 11 Monomuls ® 90-O18 1 1 Lameform ® TGI 4 1 3 Abil ® EM 90 3 1 2 Isolan ®PDI 3 4 Glucate ® DO 1 Arlacel ® 83 3 Dehymuls ® FCE 4 1 Dehymuls ® HRE7 7 Zinc stearate 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Microcrystalline wax 4 1 4 Beeswax 4 22 1 1 2 5 Tego ® Care CG Prisorine ® 3505 1 1 1 1 1 1 Dry Flo ® Plus 1SFE ® 839 5 4 Emery ® 1780 Lanolin, anhydrous USP 7 3 Cegesoft ® C 17 2Myritol ® PC 8 Myritol ® 331 4 3 5 3 5 4 Finsolv ® TN 5 7 Cetiol ® A 6Cetiol ® CC 3 6 3 3 8 Cetiol ® SN 5 Cetiol ® OE 3 2 3 8 Dow Corning ® DC244 4 2 2 Dow Corning ® DC 2502 1 Prisorine ® 3758 1 Silikonöl WackerAK ® 350 1 1 4 Cetiol ® 868 10 Cetiol ® J 600 4 3 Ceraphyl ® 45 1 5 4Mineral oil 9 Cetiol ® B 3 3 2 2 Eutanol ® G 16 1 Eutanol ® G 2 5Cetiol ® PGL 10 6 3 Almond oil 2 5 2 Photonyl ® LS 2 2 Panthenol 1.0Bisabolol 0.2 Tocopherol/Tocophery lacetate 1.0 Magnesium sulfate × 7water 1   Bentone ® 38 1 Propylene carbonate 0.5 Ethanol 8 10 Butyleneglycol 5 1 3 3 8 2 1 Glycerin 6 2 5 5 3 5 Water/preservative to 100/q.s.

TABLE 8 O/W care emulsions Quantities in % by weight of the commerciallyavailable substanes in the composition as a whole Component 70 71 72 7374 75 76 77 78 79 80 L = Lotion, C = Cream C C C L C L L C L C CSovermol ® 908 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 2 2 1 Eumulgin ® VL 75 4 2 Dehymuls ®PGPH 2 Generol ® R 1 Eumulgin ® B2 0.8 Tween ® 60 1 Cutina ® E 24 0.6 2Hostaphat ® KL 340 N 2 Lanette ® E 1 Amphisol ® K 0.5 1 1 0.5 Sodiumstearate 0.5 Emulgade ® PL 68/50 2.5 4 Tego ® Care CG 2 Tego ® Care 4505 Cutina ® MD 1 6 5 4 6 Lanette ® 14 1 2 4 Lanette ® O 4.5 4 1 2 2Novata ® AB 1 1 Emery ® 1780 0.5 0.5 Lanolin, anhydrous, USP 5 Cetiol ®SB 45 1.5 2 Cegesoft ® C 17 Myritol ® PC 5 Myritol ® 331 2 5 5 6 12Finsolv ® TN 2 2 8 Cetiol ® CC 4 6 4 4 5 Cetiol ® OE 4 3 Dow CorningDC ® 245 2 5 1 Dow Corning DC ® 2502 2 1 Prisorine ® 3758 1 SilikonölWacker AK ® 350 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 4 Cetiol ® 868 2 4 Cetiol ® J 600 2 3 3 25 Ceraphyl ® 45 3 Mineral oil 9 Cetiol ® SN 5 Cetiol ® B 2 Eutanol ® G 23 Cetiol ® PGL 5 5 Dry Flo ® Plus 5 1 SFE 839 5 2 Almond oil 1 InsectRepellent ® 3535 2 4 2 3 N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide 2 2 3 Photonyl ® LS 2 22 Panthenol 1 Bisabolol   0.2 Tocopherol/Tocopheryl acetate 1 Veegum ®ultra 1 Keltrol ® T 0.4 0.5 Pemulen ® TR 2 0.3 0.1 0.3 Carbopol ® Ultrez10 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 Ethanol 10 Butylene glycol 4 3 2 5 2Glycerin 2 5 5 3 3 2 4 3 Water, preservative, NaOH to 100/q.s./pH6.5-7.5

TABLE 9 O/W care emulsions Quantities in % by weight of the commerciallyavailable substanes in the composition as a whole Component 81 82 83 8485 86 87 88 89 90 91 L = Lotion, C = Cream C C L C L C L L L L CSovermol ® 908 2 3 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 Eumulgin ® VL 75 4 3 1 2 Generol ®R 2 Eumulgin ® B2 2 1 Tween ® 60 1 Cutina ® E 24 2 Hostaphat ® KL 340 NLanette ® E 0.5 1 Amphisol ® K 0.5 1 1 1 Sodium stearate 1 Emulgade ® PL68/50 6 1 5 4 Tego ® Care CG Tego ® Care 450 4 Cutina ® MD 3 3 8 6 8 4Lanette ® 14 2 2 1 Lanette ® O 2 2 3 1 1 1 6 Novata ® AB Emery ® 1780Lanolin, anhydrous, USP 4 Cetiol ® SB 45 2 Cegesoft ® C 17 4 Myritol ®PC 6 5 5 Myritol ® 331 5 5 7 10 3 Finsolv ® TN 5 5 3 3 1 Cetiol ® CC 2Cetiol ® OE 2 2 5 Dow Corning DC ® 245 2 1 8 2 Dow Corning DC ® 2502 1 13 Prisorine ® 3758 3 2 Silikonöl Wacker AK ® 350 1 1 Cetiol ® 868 2Cetiol ® J 600 2 Ceraphyl ® 45 3 Cetiol ® SN Cetiol ® B 5 5 4 3Eutanol ® G 3 5 5 Cetiol ® PGL 5 2 Dry Flo ® Plus 1 1 SFE 839 1 1 Almondoil 2 Photonyl ® LS 2 Panthenol 1 Bisabolol   0.2 Tocopherol/Tocopherylacetate 1 Veegum ® Ultra 1 Keltrol ® T 0.5 Carbopol ® ETD 2001 0.3 0.30.5 0.2 0.2 Pemulen ® TR 2 0.3 0.3 0.5 Ethanol 5 8 10 Butylene glycol 52 3 3 8 Glycerin 2 4 3 3 7 5 3 5 Water/preservative/NaOH to 100/q.s./pH6.5-7.5Appendix

-   1) Abile EM 90    -   INCI: Cetyl Dimethicone Copolyol    -   Manufacturer: Tego Cosmetics (Goldschmidt)-   2) Amphisol® K    -   INCI: Potassium Cetyl Phosphate    -   Manufacturer: Hoffmann La Roche-   3) Antarone V 220    -   INCI: PVP/Eicosene Copolymer    -   Manufacturer: GAF General Aniline Firm Corp. (IPS-Global)-   4) Antarone V 216    -   INCI: PVP/Hexadecene Copolymer    -   Manufacturer: GAF General Aniline Firm Corp. (IPS-Global)-   5) Arlacel® 83    -   INCI: Sorbitan Sesquioleate    -   Manufacturer: Uniqema (ICI Surfacants)-   6) Arlacel® P 135    -   INCI: PEG-30 Dipolyhydroxystearate    -   Manufacturer: Uniqema (ICI Surfacants)-   7) Bentone® 38    -   INCI: Quaternium-18 Hectorite    -   Manufacturer: Rheox (Elementis Specialties)-   8) Carbopol® 980    -   INCI: Carbomer    -   Manufacturer: Goodrich-   9) Carbopol® 2984    -   INCI: Carbomer    -   Manufacturer: Goodrich-   10)Carbopolo ETD 2001    -   INCI: Carbomer    -   Manufacturer: BF Goodrich-   11) Carbopolo Ultrez 10    -   INCI: Carbomer    -   Manufacturer: Goodrich-   12) Cegesofte C 17    -   INCI: Myristyl Lactate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH, Grunau-   13) Ceraphylo 45    -   INCI: Diethylhexyl Malate    -   Manufacturer: International Specialty Products-   14) Cetiol® 868    -   INCI: Ethylhexyl Stearate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   15) Cetiolo A    -   INCI: Hexyl Laurate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   16) Cetiolo B    -   INCI: Dibutyl Adipate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   17) Cetiolo J 600    -   INCI: Oleyl Erucate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   18) Cetiolo OE    -   INCI: Dicaprylyl Ether    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   19) Cetiolo PGL    -   INCI: Hexyldecanol, Hexyldecyl Laurate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   20) Cetiolo CC    -   INCI: Dicaprylyl Carbonate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   21) Cetiolo SB 45    -   INCI: Shea Butter Butyrospermum Parkii (Linne)    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   22) Cetiole SN    -   INCI: Cetearyl Isononanoate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   23) Cutina® E 24    -   INCI: PEG-20 Glyceryl Stearate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   24) Cutina® MD    -   INCI: Glyceryl Stearate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   25) Dehymuls® FCE    -   INCI: Dicocoyl Pentaerythrityl Distearyl Citrate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   26) Dehymuls® HRE 7    -   INCI: PEG-7 Hydrogenated Castor Oil    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   27) Dehymuls® PGPH    -   INCI: Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   28) Dow Corning® 244 Fluid    -   INCI: Cyclomethicone    -   Manufacturer: Dow Corning-   29) Dow Corning® 245 Fluid    -   INCI: Cyclopentasiloxane Cyclomethicone    -   Manufacturer: Dow Corning-   30) Dow Corning® 2502    -   INCI: Cetyl Dimethicone    -   Manufacturer: Dow Corning-   31) DryeFlo Plus    -   INCI: Aluminium Starch Octenylsuccinate    -   Manufacturer: National Starch-   32) ElfacosoST 37    -   INCI: PEG-22 Dodecyl Glycol Copolymer    -   Manufacturer: Akzo-Nobel-   33) ElfacosoST 9    -   INCI: PEG45 Dodecyl Glycol Copolymer    -   Manufacturer: Akzo-Nobel-   34) Emery® 1780    -   INCI: Lanolin Alcohol    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Corporation (Emery)-   35) EmulgadeoPL 68/50    -   INCI: Cetearyl Glucoside, Cetearyl Alcohol    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   36) Eumulgin® B 2    -   INCI: Ceteareth-20    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   37) Eumulgin® VL 75    -   INCI: Lauryl Glucoside (and) Polyglyceryl-2        Dipolyhydroxystearate (and) Glycerin    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   38) Eusolex® OCR    -   INCI: Octocrylene    -   Manufacturer: Merck-   39) Eusolexo T 2000    -   INCI: Titanium Dioxide, Alumina, Simethicone    -   Manufacturer: Rona (Merck)-   40) Eutanolo G    -   INCI: Octyldodecanol    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   41) EutanoloG 16    -   INCI: Hexyldecanol    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   42) EutanoloG 16 S    -   INCI: Hexyldecyl Stearate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   43) Finsolvo TN    -   INCI: C 12/15 Alkyl Benzoate    -   Manufacturer: Findex (Nordmann/Rassmann)-   44) Generole R    -   INCI: Brassica Campestris (Rapseed) Sterols    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   45) Glucatee DO    -   INCI: Methyl Glucose Dioleate    -   Manufacturer: NRC Nordmann/Rassmann-   46) Hostaphat® KL 340 N    -   INCI: Trilaureth-4 Phosphate    -   Manufacturer: Clariant-   47) lsolan® PDI    -   INCI: Diisostearoyl Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostearate    -   Manufacturer: Goldschmidt AG-   48) Keltrol® T    -   INCI: Xanthan Gum    -   Manufacturer: CP Kelco-   49) Lameform® TGI    -   INCI: Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostearate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   50) Lanette® 14    -   INCI: Myristyl Alcohol    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   51) Lanetteo E    -   INCI: Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   52) Lanette® 0    -   INCI: Cetearyl Alcohol    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   53) Monomuls® 90-O-18    -   INCI: Glyceryl Oleate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   54) Myrj® 51    -   INCI: PEG-30-Sterate    -   Manufacturer: Uniqema-   55) Myritolo 331    -   INCI: Cocoglycerides    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   56) Myritole PC    -   INCI: Propylene Glycol Dicaprylate/Dicaprate    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   57) Neo Heliopan® 303    -   INCI: Octocrylene    -   Manufacturer: Haarmann & Reimer-   58) Neo Heliopan® AV    -   INCI: Ethyihexyl Methoxycinnamate    -   Manufacturer: Haarmann & Reimer-   59) Neo Heliopano BB    -   INCI: Benzophenone-3    -   Manufacturer: Haarmann & Reimer-   60) Neo Heliopan® E 1000    -   INCI: lsoamyl-p-Methoxycinnamate    -   Manufacturer: Haarmann & Reimer-   61) Neo Heliopan® Hydro (Na-Salz)    -   INCI: Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid    -   Manufacturer: Haarmann & Reimer-   62) Neo Heliopan® MBC    -   INCI: 4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor    -   Manufacturer: Haarmann & Reimer-   63) Neo Heliopan® OS    -   INCI: Ethylhexyl Salicylate    -   Manufacturer: Haarmann & Reimer-   64) Novata® AB    -   INCI: Cocoglycerides    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   65) Parsolo 1789    -   INCI: Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane    -   Manufacturer: Hoffmann-La Roche (Givaudan)-   66) Pemulen® TR-2    -   INCI: Acrylates/Cl 0-30 Alkylacrylate Crosspolymer    -   Manufacturer: Goodrich-   67) Photonyl® LS    -   INCI: Arginine, Disodium Adenosine Triphosphate, Mannitol,        Pyridoxine HCL, Phenylalanine, Tyrosine    -   Manufacturer: Laboratoires Serobiologiques (Cognis)-   68) Pripolo 2033    -   Dimerdiol    -   Manufacturer: Uniqema-   69) Prisorineo ISAC 3505    -   INCI: Isostearic Acid    -   Manufacturer: Uniqema-   70) Prisorineo 3758    -   INCI: Hydrogenated Polyisobutene    -   Manufacturer: Uniqema-   73) SFE® 839    -   INCI: Cyclopentasiloxane and DimethiconeNinyl Dimethicone        Crosspolymer    -   Manufacturer: GE Silicones-   74) SilikonoI Wacker AK® 350    -   INCI: Dimethicone    -   Manufacturer: Wacker-   75) Sovermolo 908    -   INCI: Dimerdiol    -   Manufacturer: Cognis Deutschland GmbH-   76) Squatole S    -   INCI: Hydrogenated Polyisobutene    -   Manufacturer: LCW (7-9 rue de l'Industrie 95310 St-Ouen I'Aumone        France)-   77) Tego® Care 450    -   INCI: Polyglyceryl-3 Methylglucose Distearate    -   Manufacturer: Tego Cosmetics (Goldschmidt)-   78) Tego® Care CG 90    -   INCI: Cetearyl Glucoside    -   Manufacturer: Goldschmidt-   79) Tween® 60    -   INCI: Polysorbate 60    -   Manufacturer: Uniqema (ICI Surfactants)-   80) Uvinul® T 150    -   INCI: Octyl Triazone    -   Manufacturer: BASF-   81) Veegum® Ultra    -   INCI: Magnesium Aluminium Silicate    -   Manufacturer: Vanderbilt-   82) Z-Cotee HP 1    -   INCI: Zinc Oxide, Dimethicone    -   Manufacturer: BASF

1-13. (canceled)
 14. A cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical compositioncomprising: (a) a dimer diol; (b) a UV filter; (c) optionally, an oilcomponent; (d) optionally, an emulsifier; and (e) optionally, water. 15.The composition of claim 14 wherein the dimer diol has an OH value offrom about 200 to
 220. 16. The composition of claim 14 wherein the dimerdiol has an iodine value of from about 20 to
 80. 17. The composition ofclaim 14 wherein the dimer diol has an iodine value of from about 50 to70.
 18. The composition of claim 14 wherein the dimer diol is present inthe composition in an amount of from about 0.1 to 20% by weight, basedon the weight of the composition.
 19. The composition of claim 14wherein the dimer diol is present in the composition in an amount offrom about 1 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.20. The composition of claim 14 wherein the oil component is present inthe composition in an amount of from about 1 to 98% by weight, based onthe weight of the composition.
 21. The composition of claim 14 whereinthe oil is present in the composition in an amount of from about 5 to30% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.
 22. Thecomposition of claim 14 wherein the emulsifier is present in thecomposition in an amount of from about 0.1 to 15% by weight, based onthe weight of the composition.
 23. The composition of claim 14 whereinthe emulsifier is present in the composition in an amount of from about3 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.
 24. Aprocess for treating human skin and/or hair comprising contacting theskin and/or hair with a composition containing: (f) a dimer diol; (g) aUV filter; (h) optionally, an oil component; (i) optionally, anemulsifier; and (j) optionally, water.
 25. The process of claim 24wherein the dimer diol has an OH value of from about 200 to
 220. 26. Theprocess of claim 24 wherein the dimer diol has an iodine value of fromabout 20 to
 80. 27. The process of claim 24 wherein the dimer diol hasan iodine value of from about 50 to
 70. 28. The process of claim 24wherein the dimer diol is present in the composition in an amount offrom about 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.29. The process of claim 24 wherein the dimer diol is present in thecomposition in an amount of from about 1 to 5% by weight, based on theweight of the composition.
 30. The process of claim 24 wherein the oilcomponent is present in the composition in an amount of from about 1 to98% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.
 31. The processof claim 24 wherein the oil is present in the composition in an amountof from about 5 to 30% by weight, based on the weight of thecomposition.
 32. The process of claim 24 wherein the emulsifier ispresent in the composition in an amount of from about 0.1 to 15% byweight, based on the weight of the composition.
 33. The process of claim24 wherein the emulsifier is present in the composition in an amount offrom about 3 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.